Troubled 4G wireless network operator Clearwire (NASDAQ: CLWR) had some positive news today, reporting that it and majority shareholder Sprint had resolved a dispute over wholesale pricing. Sprint (NYSE: S) will pay at least $1 billion over the next two years for use of Clearwire’s service, the companies said in a joint statement.

Interim Chief Executive John Stanton told the Wall Street Journal that the cash allows Clearwire to “operate efficiently over the next couple of years” and plan for expansion. Stanton took over the CEO’s job last month, after Bill Morrow and two other top officers left the Kirkland, WA-based company. Clearwire said at that time that it believed an agreement with Sprint was imminent. Clearwire founder and longtime wireless leader Craig McCaw resigned as chairman a few months back, and late last year Clearwire reported that it was cutting 15 percent of its workforce.

The deal announced today gives Clearwire $300 million this year, $550 million next year, and a $175 million prepayment to allow Sprint continued access to Clearwire’s 4G services. The two companies also said they have an agreement for Sprint phones that operate both on Sprint’s 3G network and Clearwire’s 4G system.

Stanton also declined to comment when asked by the WSJ whether Clearwire was discussing a possible takeover by Sprint, and said Clearwire would need more money if it decides to expand its 4G network to include a second type of technology, known as Long-Term Evololution or LTE. He did say Clearwire’s current investors, which also include Google, Comcast, Time Warner Cable, and Intel, may be interested in helping.

Clearwire’s current network is based on a technology called WiMax, but the company has tested LTE systems, and said it is “technology agnostic.” LTE is more widely used by other wireless companies.

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Qualcomm announced a series of new technology initiatives just a few weeks ago, which CEO Paul Jacobs reviewed during the wireless chipmaker’s shareholder meeting last week. And we’ve got a review of San Diego’s biztech news for you here:

—Qualcomm’s (NASDAQ: QCOM) Paul Jacobs marked his fifth anniversary as CEO of the world’s largest wireless chipmaker at a shareholder meeting last week. In an upbeat overview of Qualcomm’s technology development and business performance, Jacobs said the migration of mobile users from 2G (where Qualcomm has relatively little technology) to 3G (where Qualcomm technology is pervasive) increased 380 percent, to about 1.2 billion subscribers, from 2003 to 2010.

—I interviewed UCSD professor James Fowler, who specializes in social networks and in understanding the differences between social networks in the real world and in cyberspace. He said that online social networks are particularly well-suited for conveying information, which is a different thing than the effects that real world networks play in changing behavior, such as persuading someone to stop smoking.

—Qualcomm’s William F. Davidson talked with me about what makes the wireless chipmaker different from computer processor manufacturers that have entered the market for smartphones and other mobile devices. Davidson said that while processor chipmakers boast about peak download speeds and gigahertz, Qualcomm focuses on power requirements, spectrum capacity, and integrating functions to work efficiently.

—San Diego’s Fallbrook Technologies acquired Round Rock, TX-based Hodyon, which makes auxiliary power systems for trucks. Terms were not disclosed, but Fallbrook CEO Bill Klehm told me that buying Hodyon was “a perfect way to display our technology, save truckers money, and improve fuel economy.”

—San Diego Gas & Electric said a solar power plant now under contract to … Next Page »

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The Qualcomm shareholder meeting was something of a five-year anniversary yesterday for Paul Jacobs, who was named to succeed his father, Irwin M. Jacobs, as CEO of the world’s largest provider of wireless chipsets and software technology in March 2005.

As milestones go, 2010 was a great year for Qualcomm, which had a record-setting year in the chip business, with about 400 million MSM chips shipped for 3G devices in 2010. That means Qualcomm delivered 30 percent compound annual growth in chipset revenue from 2003 through 2010. Paul Jacobs gave a comprehensive and upbeat overview of the company’s technology development and business performance, and he  emphasized the highlights in a presentation about Qualcomm’s performance since he took over with a new management team:

—3G mobile subscriptions (which rely heavily on Qualcomm technology) have increased 380 percent, to about 1.2 billion.

—Qualcomm’s market valuation has increased 73 percent, to about $95 billion.

—Annual revenue increased by 140 to 150 percent, to an estimated range between $13.6 billion and $14.2 billion in fiscal 2011.

—Annual earnings increased by 84 to 95 percent, to an estimated range between $2.3 billion and $2.46 billion in fiscal 2011.

—Available cash increased by 143 percent, to $19.1 billion.

“It’s nice to have that kind of cushion,” he said, referring to the $19.1 billion. “We all remember the early days of Qualcomm when things really were hand-to-mouth.”

One of the most interesting moments, though, came when a shareholder asked if it was just a coincidence that rival Broadcom (NASDAQ: BRCM) filed its multi-million-dollar patent and anti-trust lawsuits just as Paul Jacobs took over as CEO.

“I’m not sure it was a coincidence,” he responded. “I think they saw … Next Page »

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The long Thanksgiving weekend put an early punctuation mark on last week’s technology and business news in the Bay Area. Here’s a glance back:

—StumbleUpon, the San Francisco “discovery engine” company founded in 2002, now rivals Facebook in the amount of social-media traffic it sends to websites. I profiled the company, which has had a fascinating trajectory as an independent startup, an eBay subsidiary, and now a privately owned eBay spinout.

—Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak briefly drove up the stock price of Burlington, MA-based Nuance Communications (NASDAQ: NUAN) with a remark to the effect that Apple had purchased the $5.3 billion speech technology company. Wozniak later said he’d been mistaken, but not before the story was picked up by numerous news outlets.

—Wireless carriers are searching for ways to lessen the burden on their 3G data networks, and I profiled a Sunnyvale, CA, company, Ruckus Wireless, that has a solution: adaptive, beam-forming Wi-Fi antennas that could help carriers “offload” data streams from 3G to Wi-Fi in dense areas such as public plazas or train stations.

—Here at Xconomy, we helped Boston-based Marginize launch its new Publisher Widget, a tool that shows social media conversations pertaining to each page on our site. You can use the widget (see the brown tab at the far right of your browser screen) to add your own Twitter posts or status updates on Facebook or Google Buzz.

—New York-based location services startup Foursquare announced that it’s staffing up its San Francisco office, which is co-located with Jack Dorsey’s Square in the Mission district.

—SolFocus, a Mountain View, CA, startup that makes photovoltaic panels featuring unique optical concentrators, raised $20 million from unnamed backers.

—YardSellr, founded by former eBay executives to help consumers buy and sell items over social media channels, raised $5 million from Accel Partners and Harrison Metal Capital.

—Menlo Park, CA-based Sequoia Capital led a venture round for New York-based blog platform provider Tumblr amounting to $25 to $30 million, according to reports. Tumblr hasn’t confirmed the details.

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Wi-Fi: it’s the new utility, as crucial to many consumers and businesspeople as electricity and telephones. Wi-Fi chips are built into 800 million new laptops, mobile phones, tablet PCs, printers, video game controllers, and TV set-top boxes every year, and Wi-Fi networks blanket virtually every office, library, airport, hotel, café, and campus.

If only Wi-Fi were as dependable as most other utilities. Unfortunately, the more people who install access points in dense urban environments, the more interference arises between devices, slowing everyone’s connections. On top of that, Wi-Fi signals share the unlicensed 2.4-Gigahertz frequency band with Bluetooth, Zigbee, cordless phones, baby monitors, car alarms, ham radio, and even microwave ovens. (Yes, Wi-Fi devices use roughly the same wavelength as the radio pulses that, at much higher power, can bake a potato.) That’s why you might have a blazing-fast, 30-megabit-per-second Wi-Fi connection in one corner of your office, but lose it a minute later if you shift six feet to the left. Especially if someone is using the microwave at lunchtime.

Part of the problem stems from the fact that Wi-Fi signals, like cellular or FM signals, spread indiscriminately in all directions. That’s a feature, not necessarily a bug: your home or office Wi-Fi router doesn’t know where you are, so it has to send signals everywhere. But what if your router were smarter, and could use modern beam-forming technology to shoot a signal straight at your device—then make that beam follow you as you moved from your desk to your couch to your kitchen? In principle, signals from a dynamic, directional Wi-Fi antenna would have a greater range, and would be far less vulnerable to interference.

Well, it turns out this is an idea radio engineers have been thinking about for a while. And there’s a company in Sunnyvale, CA, called Ruckus Wireless that’s making it work so well that cellular carriers may soon start placing Ruckus Wi-Fi systems in public places, where they could help rescue strained 3G networks by taking on much of the data traffic now squeezing through the 3G channel. That’s called “offloading,” and it’s one of the ways harried operators—whose networks now support unanticipated numbers of 3G devices like iPhones, iPads, and Android phones—hope to survive the interim years before the arrival of true 4G technologies, which could offer Wi-Fi-like speeds across much greater distances.

PCCW, Hong Kong’s leading telecom company, has been installing Ruckus Wi-Fi routers in phone booths, which tend to be located in places where there are also lots of people using cell phones. “Pedestrian gathering places are good places to put Wi-Fi access points,” Ruckus CEO Selina Lo says. “PCCW told me that in peak areas, at peak times, they can see as much as 20 percent offload.” If AT&T were able to hand off that much of its 3G traffic to Wi-Fi, it might be able to mollify many of the iPhone owners who are eager to switch to Verizon, on the (iffy) assumption that the other carrier’s network will have more capacity.

Incubated six years ago in the offices of Sequoia Capital in Menlo Park, CA, Ruckus has collected $51 million in venture backing, from Sequoia as well as Firelake Capital, Focus Ventures, Investor AB, Motorola Ventures, Sutter Hill Ventures, and WK Technology Fund. It’s a scrappy and persistent company—the barking dog in its logo isn’t wholly whimsical—and it has reinvented its product line at least twice over the years to adapt to market trends. But the 278-employee startup, which flirted earlier this year with the idea of going public but put the idea on hold due to the sluggish economy, is now under pressure to find a major market for its smart Wi-Fi access points. So there’s a lot riding on the 3G offloading concept—an idea Ruckus adopted from one of its own customers in India, Mumbai-based Tikona Digital Networks (more on that below).

Lo argues that even after 4G technologies like Verizon’s LTE standard take hold, there will be a need for other shorter-range technologies to fill in the inevitable gaps in coverage. “Licensed spectrum is an expensive resource, so there is always going to be … Next Page »

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Verizon Wireless will be rolling out its 4G LTE network in 38 major metropolitan areas nationwide, including Seattle, by the end of the year, the company said today. The network will span from the Seattle waterfront to Issaquah, and Lynnwood to Fife. In addition to the nationwide network launch, Verizon will also be equipping 60 commercial airports across the country with 4G access, including both Sea-Tac and Boeing Field. Verizon says the new network will be significantly faster than its current 3G network.

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Hot on the heels of a controversial purchase of McAfee two weeks ago, Intel in Santa Clara said today that it has agreed to buy the wireless services business of Neubiberg, Germany-based Infineon for $1.4 billion. The Infineon division, a rival of San Diego’s Qualcomm, makes 2G and 3G cellular chips and “complements Intel’s existing assets and enables growth in mobile computing, smartphones and embedded computing,” in the words of an announcement.

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Today’s column is in video form, which is a first for me. I was out hiking with my dog Rhody in the Blue Hills Reservation south of Boston last weekend when a few realizations hit me at once.

1) I had my 3G iPad with me

2) I had my camera with me

3) I wanted to do a column about geocaching with the iPad

4) I wanted to practice video blogging, also known as vlogging.

So, in the spirit of killing several figurative birds with one virtual stone, I fired up a geocaching app on the iPad, put my camera into video mode, and shot some footage, which you can watch below. (If you’re reading this via an Xconomy RSS feed or e-mail newsletter, you can easily view the video over on YouTube.)

The video is a sequel of sorts to my September 2008 column, “GPS Treasure Hunting with your iPhone 3G.” In that piece I gave a quick overview of geocaching. For those new to the concept, it’s the sport of seeking out hidden “caches” using only the latitude and longitude data published at the website Geocaching.com. My big question at the time was whether the iPhone 3G was a decent tool for geocaching, compared to the dedicated (and very expensive) handheld GPS devices I’d used in the past. It was a relevant question because the iPhone 3G had been released only a couple of months before, and was the first iPhone with built-in GPS capability.

My verdict was that the iPhone performed very well, although I had to pull together data from a couple of different apps to accomplish the task. Just a month after I published that first column, Groundspeak, the organization that runs the Geocaching.com site, came out with its own soup-to-nuts geocaching app. Groundspeak has continued to improve the $9.99 app over time, and to my mind it’s the single best tool for geocaching, beating even the dedicated GPS receivers. That’s because it combines wireless access to Groundspeak’s database of more than 1 million geocaches around the world (assuming you’re within range of a data network, of course) with beautiful map and compass interfaces that guide you to each individual cache.

Groundspeak hasn’t released an iPad version of its geocaching app, although there’s word that one is in development. But the iPhone version works just fine on the iPad. In fact, it may work even better—and that’s what I wanted to test in the woods last weekend. You can click the play button below to see how my adventure turned out. A special shout-out to my friend Graham Gordon Ramsay for his help editing this 6-minute video. Apologies in advance for the Blair Witch-style bouncy camera work about two minutes in. (For geocachers only: the cache shown here is GCZMZE.)

For a full list of my columns, check out the World Wide Wade Archive. You can also subscribe to the column via RSS or e-mail, and you can download Pixel Nation, an e-book version of the first 80 columns, as a free PDF file or a $4.99 Kindle edition.

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Isabella Products of Concord, MA, announced that the award for Best Embedded Mobile Device at the GSMA World Mobile Congress in Barcelona went to its Vizit digital photo frame today. The competition is designed to encourage innovation among wireless device makers. The $280 Vizit, which will be available by lottery beginning in mid-March, is a touch-screen-driven photo sharing device that can receive photos by e-mail or MMS message over AT&T’s 3G data network. Xconomy profiled Isabella Products last September.

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Boston-based Sand 9, which is developing microelectromechanical resonators that could replace quartz crystal frequency sources in 3G phones, GPS devices, and other applications, said today that Vince Graziani, a board member and former CEO of VBrick, has been appointed chief executive officer. Founded in 2007, Sand 9 is backed by Flybridge Capital Partners, General Catalyst and Khosla Ventures.

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Verizon Wireless announced today it has successfully tested its fourth-generation wireless network in Boston and Seattle, by making “data calls” involving streaming video, Web browsing, and file uploads and downloads from mobile devices. Verizon’s technology, called Long Term Evolution, is supposed to be much faster than existing 3G wireless networks, and competes with Clearwire’s WiMax system, which has already launched in four cities (including Portland, OR). Boston and Seattle will be the first cities to deploy Verizon’s 4G service.

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San Diego-based Rayspan said today that it has collected $12.5 million in Series B funding to finance its work on advanced materials that could be used to make smaller, more sensitive, and more versatile antennas for mobile devices. Existing investor Sequoia Capital of Menlo Park, CA, provided part of the money, with the rest coming from new investor Khosla Ventures, also of Menlo Park.

The wireless world is fraught with different, often competing standards for delivering data to mobile devices across small or large distances, including Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 2G and 3G cellular, and GPS. Coming down the road just behind those are newer technologies like WiMax, Long Term Evolution (LTE), and ultrawideband. It takes a fancy antenna, or several of them, to make a mobile device like a cell phone work on several of these standards at once. And WiMax and LTE work best using an altogether new type of antenna called multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO).

The problem with MIMO antennas to date has been that to work efficiently, they need to be of a certain size—about half of the wavelength of the radio frequency they’re designed to detect. If you make them small enough to fit inside a mobile device, they lose sensitivity.

Rayspan, founded in 2006, is taking advantage of progress in a field called metamaterials to make much smaller MIMO antennas that still have high performance.

Metamaterials are composite materials that are structured on a macroscopic level to have unusual optical or electromagnetic properties. Maha Achour, Rayspan’s co-founder and chief technology officer, has applied for patents on a range of radio-related applications for metamaterials, including MIMO antennas (also called “air interfaces”) with individual elements that are as small as one-tenth to one-fifteenth of a wavelength. Such elements can be printed directly on a circuit board and spaced very closely together, potentially giving small mobile devices full MIMO performance.

Rayspan hopes to license the intellectual property behind its metamaterial antennas to wireless device manufacturers making cellular, Wi-Fi, WiMax, and multiband equipment. Pierre Lamond, a general partner at Khosla ventures, said in today’s announcement that the firm believes Rayspan will become “an industry-leading air interface provider in the huge wireless markets they target.”

Achour is a San Diego wireless industry veteran with a doctorate in physics from MIT. She has worked at
San Diego Research Center, UlmTech, Optical Access, LightPointe, and Tiernan Communication. Her co-founder Franz Birkner, Rayspan’s CEO and president, is managing director of Express Ventures and is a veteran of Dot Wireless (acquired by Texas Instruments), Cognet Microsystems (acquired by Intel), and ComStream (acquired by Spar Aerospace).

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San Diego wireless giant Qualcomm (NASDAQ: QCOM) and Irvine, CA-based Broadcom (NASDAQ: BRCM) said last night they have agreed to end their wide-ranging patent war and enter a broad cross-licensing deal.

As part of the global settlement, which terminates litigation in federal court as well as formal disputes before trade commissions in Europe and South Korea, Qualcomm has agreed to pay Broadcom $891 million over the next four years. Qualcomm says its first payment, for $200 million, will be paid to Broadcom before June 30.

That could put a ding in Qualcomm’s net income next quarter, but it seems doubtful shareholders will mind. A J.P. Morgan analyst said last week that settlement payments would have little impact on Qualcomm’s future earnings.

When Qualcomm announced Wednesday that it was postponing the release of its earnings for the second that ended in March (because it was in advanced settlement talks with Broadcom), the San Diego company added it would meet or exceed its prior guidance for quarterly revenue and operating income (excluding the cost of its deal with Broadcom.) In last year’s second quarter, Qualcomm reported operating income of $766 million on $2.6 billion in revenue—and the company said earlier this year it expected second-quarter revenue to fall between $2.25 billion and $2.45 billion.

The agreement also relieves both Broadcom and Qualcomm of substantial legal costs—in a battle where Qualcomm wasn’t faring particularly well. The company suffered its worst setback in mid-2007 when San Diego federal judge Rudi Brewster issued a blistering, 54-page ruling that found Qualcomm and its trial counsel had committed “gross litigation misconduct” by withholding tens of thousands of relevant documents from Broadcom during a patent infringement trial. That decision against Qualcomm was largely upheld by a federal appellate court last December.

Strategically, the benefits of reaching a comprehensive settlement with Broadcom would seem to far outweigh the financial impact on Qualcomm’s earnings—especially since Qualcomm said terms of the agreement “will not result in any change” to its licensing revenue model for its 3G and 4G wireless technologies. And Qualcomm’s licensing revenue is the central engine of its success.

After fighting for more than a decade to establish its CDMA (for Code Division Multiple Access) wireless digital standard, Qualcomm attained its first strategic breakthrough in 1999, when it settled a wide-ranging patent dispute with Sweden’s Ericsson. In that deal, Qualcomm agreed to sell its CDMA wireless infrastructure business to Ericsson and Ericsson agreed to support a single worldwide CDMA standard.

At that time, Qualcomm also settled on a corporate strategy that focused its business on wireless innovation, which enabled the company to generate enormous revenue through technology licensing deals.

In July, Qualcomm struck a surprise settlement agreement with Nokia, the world’s largest mobile phone maker, that ended a similar high-stakes licensing dispute. That deal enables Qualcomm and Nokia to share many more technology patents than they did before. Qualcomm also licensed its technology to Nokia and Nokia allowed Qualcomm to incorporate its technology within its mobile phone components; buyers of those components will pay Nokia’s royalty fees rather than Qualcomm’s.

Broadcom posed the last major challenge to Qualcomm’s licensing model.

“We believe that this resolution is positive for both Qualcomm and Broadcom, our customers, our partners and the overall industry,” Paul E. Jacobs, chairman and CEO of Qualcomm, and Scott A. McGregor, president and CEO of Broadcom, said in a joint statement.

“The settlement will allow us to direct our full attention and resources to continuing to innovate, improving our competitive position in this economic downturn, and growing demand for wireless products and services,” Jacobs said.

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It was a busy week for San Diego’s innovation economy, with reports on new products, new deals, and some insights into how startup companies can survive virtually. So read on!

—Zeebo, a new San Diego-based company, launched its game console, entering a multi-billion dollar industry dominated by the Wii, Xbox, and Playstation. Backed by Qualcomm, Zeebo uses a Qualcomm chipset that allows users to connect over a cellular network (instead of broadband or Wi-Fi) to purchase and download games—much like Amazon’s Kindle.

—The U.S. cleantech industry is said to be benefiting from an “Obama bounce,” based on the billions of dollars designated for renewable energy and cleantech spending in the federal economic stimulus package. So it seemed like a good time to put together a comprehensive list of San Diego cleantech companies.

—Pure Bioscience of El Cajon, CA, told Xconomy’s innovation journalism fellow, Juha-Pekka Tikka, the company expects hundreds of products based on Pure’s germ-killing agent, silver dihyrdogen citrate, to soon hit the market. Pure later announced it has found an Indian distributor to immediately begin marketing Enviroguard, a disinfectant cleaner, in India.

—A special committee of the board at San Diego’s Hollis-Eden Pharmaceuticals (NASDAQ: [[ticker: HEPH]]) fired founding CEO and namesake Richard Hollis for cause and named the company’s chief operating officer, James Frincke, as interim chief executive.

—During my recent stopover at San Diego’s DriveCam, CEO Brandon Nixon explained how the company, which began with a dashboard-mounted video recorder, has evolved into … Next Page »

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San Diego-based Leap Wireless (NASDAQ: LEAP) today is launching its Cricket unlimited wireless service in the greater Philadelphia area. That’s the second major market the low-cost wireless provider has entered since January, when Cricket began service in Chicago. The company, which announced its move yesterday, is now forecasting 5.3 million subscribers this year. At the end of 2008 it had just 3.8 million subscribers in 29 states. Cricket provides unlimited, low-cost 3G wireless voice and broadband services, with monthly rates that range from $30 to $60.

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Constrained by legal restrictions and zealously protected by their handlers, the CEOs of Fortune 500 companies are rarely enlightening when they make public appearances. But Qualcomm (NASDAQ: QCOM) CEO Paul Jacobs delivered a close approximation of candor this morning in what was billed as a keynote presentation at the Red Herring Global 100 summit, which is taking place this week in downtown San Diego. The presentation turned out to be a conversation with Red Herring publisher Alex Vieux, who began by saying he had different questions for Jacobs than the ones he had previously submitted to Qualcomm.

What I found insightful were Jacobs’ responses to questions about running a public company, which covered the gamut from the company’s evolving, less contentious intellectual property strategy to M&A plans to its R&D strategy and more (see below). In the end, Vieux observed that it’s “obviously a much bigger headache than it was five or 10 years ago.”

“I’ll tell my father that,” Jacobs responded wryly, referring to Qualcomm founder and chairman, Irwin Jacobs. Paul Jacobs started working at Qualcomm as employee No. 33 in 1988, after getting a doctorate in electrical engineering from UC Berkeley. The younger Jacobs’ work initially focused on writing software code to compress speech for digital communications systems, although he gained managerial experience overseeing new technology development. He was president of Qualcomm’s Wireless and Internet Group in 2005, when he was named to succeed his dad as CEO.

“When I got hired, the board said, ‘Oh, no one can replace Irwin,’ ” Paul Jacobs said. “We’re going to be a team. You go focus on the technology and these other guys are going to go off and focus on the licensing and IP [intellectual property]. And that just didn’t work out. You can’t do it that way.”

Vieux did not ask Jacobs how that situation had changed. But Qualcomm has engendered … Next Page »

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Since May, Kirkland, WA-based Clearwire (NASDAQ: CLWRD) and Overland Park, KS-based Sprint Nextel (NYSE: S) have been working to combine their next-generation wireless Internet access businesses, and the two companies finally completed the deal on Friday. Using a $3.2 billion venture investment from Comcast, Intel, Time Warner Cable, Google and Bright House Networks, the new company, to retain the name Clearwire, plans to upgrade the 46 markets where Clearwire already offers wireless data services to WiMax-based systems under the “Clear” brand, replacing the “XOHM” brand Sprint Nextel has been using in Baltimore and other test locations.

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